TEMUAN TRADISI MEGALITIK DI PULAU PANDAN KENDARI
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Abstract
Tulisan ini mengangkat topik ciri tradisi megalitik yang ada pada situs makam-makam kuno Pulau Pandan Kendari. Tulisan ini mempunyai maksud untuk mengetahui fungsi menhir dan kontinuitasnya sampai masa kini dan ciri tradisi megalitik yang terdapat di situs ini selain menhir. Penelitian ini dibangun berdasarkan kerangka penalaran induktif dengan sifat penelitian deskriptif. Penelitian dilakukan dengan teknik survei dengan didukung data pustaka. Hasil analisis terhadap seluruh potensi data arkeologis yang diidentifikasi disitus ini menunjukan bahwa, 39 makam kuno yang berorientasi utara-selatan ini memiliki ciri tradisi megalitik yang pada situs makam-makam kuno tersebut; (a) menhir sebagai tanda kubur, (b) jirat dari batu alam disusun membentuk gunungan, (c) penempatan makam leluhur Kerajaan Laiwoi yang paling tinggi dan lokasinya ditengah-tengah situs. Dalam tradisi megalitik, penempatan makam kuno yang demikian berkaitan dengan tokoh yang dihormati dan memiliki status sosial tinggi. Penggunaan batu alam sebagai jirat, berkaitan dengan perwujudan simbol alam semesta. Sedangkan menhir merupakan unsur penting dalam tradisi megalitik yang bersifat simbolis dan erat kaitannya dengan kultus nenek moyang. Hal ini sesuai dengan fungsi menhir sebagai penanda kubur pada masa pra-Islam. Menhir beserta ciri tradisi megalitik yang ditemukan disitus ini, selain merupakan bentuk toleransi, juga bentuk kontinuitas tradisi megalitik dalam kehidupan masyarakat pendukungnya.
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