TEMUAN TRADISI MEGALITIK DI PULAU PANDAN KENDARI
Article Sidebar
Abstract views: 367 , 
PDF downloads: 346
Main Article Content
Abstract
Tulisan ini mengangkat topik ciri tradisi megalitik yang ada pada situs makam-makam kuno Pulau Pandan Kendari. Tulisan ini mempunyai maksud untuk mengetahui fungsi menhir dan kontinuitasnya sampai masa kini dan ciri tradisi megalitik yang terdapat di situs ini selain menhir. Penelitian ini dibangun berdasarkan kerangka penalaran induktif dengan sifat penelitian deskriptif. Penelitian dilakukan dengan teknik survei dengan didukung data pustaka. Hasil analisis terhadap seluruh potensi data arkeologis yang diidentifikasi disitus ini menunjukan bahwa, 39 makam kuno yang berorientasi utara-selatan ini memiliki ciri tradisi megalitik yang pada situs makam-makam kuno tersebut; (a) menhir sebagai tanda kubur, (b) jirat dari batu alam disusun membentuk gunungan, (c) penempatan makam leluhur Kerajaan Laiwoi yang paling tinggi dan lokasinya ditengah-tengah situs. Dalam tradisi megalitik, penempatan makam kuno yang demikian berkaitan dengan tokoh yang dihormati dan memiliki status sosial tinggi. Penggunaan batu alam sebagai jirat, berkaitan dengan perwujudan simbol alam semesta. Sedangkan menhir merupakan unsur penting dalam tradisi megalitik yang bersifat simbolis dan erat kaitannya dengan kultus nenek moyang. Hal ini sesuai dengan fungsi menhir sebagai penanda kubur pada masa pra-Islam. Menhir beserta ciri tradisi megalitik yang ditemukan disitus ini, selain merupakan bentuk toleransi, juga bentuk kontinuitas tradisi megalitik dalam kehidupan masyarakat pendukungnya.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Retained Rights/Terms and Conditions of Publication1. As an author you (or your employer or institution) may do the following:
- make copies (print or electronic) of the article for your own personal use, including for your own classroom teaching use;
- make copies and distribute such copies (including through e-mail) of the article to research colleagues, for the personal use by such colleagues (but not commercially or systematically, e.g. via an e-mail list or list server);
- present the article at a meeting or conference and to distribute copies of the article to the delegates attending such meeting;
- for your employer, if the article is a ‘work for hire’, made within the scope of your employment, your employer may use all or part of the information in the article for other intra-company use (e.g. training);
- retain patent and trademark rights and rights to any process, procedure, or article of manufacture described in the article;
- include the article in full or in part in a thesis or dissertation (provided that this is not to be published commercially);
- use the article or any part thereof in a printed compilation of your works, such as collected writings or lecture notes (subsequent to publication of the article in the journal); and prepare other derivative works, to extend the article into book-length form, or to otherwise re-use portions or excerpts in other works, with full acknowledgement of its original publication in the journal;
- may reproduce or authorize others to reproduce the article, material extracted from the article, or derivative works for the author’s personal use or for company use, provided that the source and the copyright notice are indicated, the copies are not used in any way that implies Masyarakat Iktiologi Indonesia (MII) endorsement of a product or service of any employer, and the copies themselves are not offered for sale.
All copies, print or electronic, or other use of the paper or article must include the appropriate bibliographic citation for the article’s publication in the journal.
2. Requests from third parties
Although authors are permitted to re-use all or portions of the article in other works, this does not include granting third-party requests for reprinting, republishing, or other types of re-use. Requests for all uses not included above, including the authorization of third parties to reproduce or otherwise use all or part of the article (including figures and tables), should be referred to MII by going to our website at http://iktiologi-indonesia.org/.
3. Author Online Use
Personal Servers. Authors and/or their employers shall have the right to post the accepted version of articles pre-print version of the article, or revised personal version of the final text of the article (to reflect changes made in the peer review and editing process) on their own personal servers or the servers of their institutions or employers without permission from MII, provided that the posted version includes a prominently displayed MII copyright notice and, when published, a full citation to the original publication, including a link to the article abstract in the journal homepage. Authors shall not post the final, published versions of their papers;
Classroom or Internal Training Use. An author is expressly permitted to post any portion of the accepted version of his/her own articles on the author’s personal web site or the servers of the author’s institution or company in connection with the author’s teaching, training, or work responsibilities, provided that the appropriate copyright, credit, and reuse notices appear prominently with the posted material. Examples of permitted uses are lecture materials, course packs, e-reserves, conference presentations, or in-house training courses;
Electronic Preprints. Before submitting an article to an JII, authors frequently post their manuscripts to their own web site, their employer’s site, or to another server that invites constructive comment from colleagues. Upon submission of an article to JII, an author is required to transfer copyright in the article to MII, and the author must update any previously posted version of the article with a prominently displayed MII copyright notice. Upon publication of an article by the MII, the author must replace any previously posted electronic versions of the article with either (1) the full citation to the work with a Digital Object Identifier (DOI) or link to the article abstract in JII homepage, or (2) the accepted version only (not the final, published version), including the MII copyright notice and full citation, with a link to the final, published article in journal homepage.
4. Articles in Press (AiP) service
MII may choose to publish an abstract or portions of the paper before we publish it in the journal. Please contact our Production department immediately if you do not want us to make any such prior publication for any reason, including disclosure of a patentable invention.
5. Author/Employer Rights
If you are employed and prepared the article on a subject within the scope of your employment, the copyright in the article belongs to your employer as a work-for-hire. In that case, MII assumes that when you sign this Form, you are authorized to do so by your employer and that your employer has consented to the transfer of copyright, to the representation and warranty of publication rights, and to all other terms and conditions of this Form. If such authorization and consent has not been given to you, an authorized representative of your employer should sign this Form as the Author.
6. MII Copyright Ownership
It is the formal policy of MII to own the copyrights to all copyrightable material in its technical publications and to the individual contributions contained therein, in order to protect the interests of the MII, its authors and their employers, and, at the same time, to facilitate the appropriate re-use of this material by others. MII distributes its technical publications throughout the world and does so by various means such as hard copy, microfiche, microfilm, and electronic media. It also abstracts and may translate its publications, and articles contained therein, for inclusion in various compendiums, collective works, databases and similar publications
Every accepted manuscript should be accompanied by "Copyright Transfer Agreement" prior to the article publication.
PAPUA by Balai Arkeologi Papua is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Permissions beyond the scope of this license may be available at http://jurnalarkeologipapua.kemdikbud.go.id.
If you are a nonprofit or charitable organization, your use of an NC-licensed work could still run afoul of the NC restriction, and if you are a for-profit entity, your use of an NC-licensed work does not necessarily mean you have violated the term.
References
Anonim. 2012. Laporan Penelitian Jejak-Jejak Sejarah Kebudayaan Sulawesi Tenggara Daratan. Balar Makassar. Tidak terbit.
Asmar, Teguh. 1975. Megalitik di Indonesia ciri dan problemnya. Buletin Yayasan Perpustakaan Nasional Jakarta, 7, Hlm 19-28.
Ambary, Hasan Muarif. 1991. Makam-Makam Kesultanan Dan Parawali Penyebar Islam Di Pulau Jawa. Aspek-Aspek Arkeologi Indonesia, No. 12. Hlm.1-22.
Duli, Akin. 2008. Bentuk Dan Peranan Budaya Megalitik Pada Beberapa Situs Di Kabupaten Bantaeng. WalennaE, X (14), 19-43.
Gofur, Endra Adiwinata. 2008. Aspek Tradisi Megalitik Dalam Upacara Ngalaksa Di Situs Gunung Ageung, Kabupaten Majalengka, Jawa Barat (Studi Etnoarkeologi). Skripsi: FIB UGM. Yogyakarta.
Hasanuddin. 2015. Kebudayaan Megalitik Di Sulawesi Selatan Dan Hubungannya Dengan Asia Tenggara. Disertasi. Universiti Sains Malaysia.
Hasanuddin. 2016. Nilai-Nilai Sosial Dan Religi Dalam Tradisi Megalitik Di Sulawesi Selatan. Kapata Arkeologi, Vol. 12 (2), 191-198.
Indriastuti, Kristantina. 2004. Pemukiman Megalitik Di Provinsi Bengkulu. Berita Penelitian Arkeologi, No. 11. Hlm. 1-56.
Kusumawati. 2010. Sumba Pusat Tradisi Megalitik Berlanjut Di Indonesia Timur. Forum Arkeologi, (1), 192-213.
Laili, Nurul. 2013. Masyarakat Pendukung Tradisi Megalitik: Penghuni Awal Situs Tanjungraya, Kecamatan Sukau, Lampung Barat. Purbawidya, 2 (1) 95-104.
Melamba, Basrin dkk. 2011. Kota Lama Kota Baru Kendari. Yogyakarta: Teras.
Melamba, Basrin dkk. 2013. Tolaki, Sejarah, Identitas, Dan Kebudayaan. Yogyakarta: Lukita.
Oka. Cokorda Istri. 1989. Menhir di Pura Batu Lantang, Petang. Pertemuan Ilmiah Arkeologi V. Yogyakarta, 4-7 Juli. Hlm. 24-52.
Prasetyo, Bagyo dkk. 2004. Religi Pada Masyarakat Prasejarah Di Indonesia. Jakarta: Proyek Penelitian Dan Pengembangan Arkeologi.
Prasetyo, Bagyo. 2008. Penempatan Benda-Benda Megalitik Kawasan Lembah lyang-ljen Kabupaten Bondowoso dan Jember, Jawa Timur. Disertasi. UI. Depok.
Pasaribu, Yosua Adrian. 2010. Penempatan Benda-Benda Megalitik Pada Situs Gede Cengkuk, Sukabumi, Jawa Barat: Sebuah Kajian keruangan Skala-Mikro. Skripsi: Fakultas Ilmu Pengetahuan Budaya Program Studi Arkeologi. Depok.
Prasetyo. Bagyo. 2013. Persebaran Bentuk-Bentuk Megalitik Indonesia: Sebuah Pendekatan Kawasan. Kalpataru, Vol. 22 (2), 89-100.
Prasetyo, Bagyo. 2015. Megalitik, Fenomena Yang Berkembang Di Indonesia. Yogyakarta: Galang Press.
Prasetyo, Bagyo. 2016. Peninggalan Megalitik Di Wilayah Perbatasan Kalimantan: Kontak Budaya Antara Kepulauan Indonesia Dan Serawak. Kalpataru, Vol. 25 (2), 75-86.
Soejono. R.P. 1976. Tinjauan Tentang Pengkerangkaan Prasejarah Indonesia. Aspek-Aspek Arkeologi Indonesia, No. 5.
Soejono, R.P. (ed). 1984. Sejarah Nasional Indonesia 1. Jakarta: Balai Pustaka.
Sukendar, Haris. 1977. Tinjauan Tentang Peninggalan Tradisi Megalitik Di Daerah Sulawesi Tengah. Pertemuan Ilmiah Arkeologi I. Cibulan, 21-25 Februari. Hlm. 61-82.
Sukendar, Haris. 1983. Peranan Menhir Dalam Masyarakat Prasejarah Di Indonesia. Pertemuan Ilmiah Arkeologi III. Ciloto, 23-28 Mei. Hlm. 92-108.
Sukendar, Haris. 1985. Peninggalan Tradisi Megalitik Di Daerah Cianjur, Jawa Barat. Jakarta: P.T. Abadi.
Suryanto, Diman. 1989. Tradisi Megalitik di Asia Tenggara: Kajian Tentang Fungsi Masa Lalu dan Kini. Pertemuan Ilmiah Arkeologi V. Yogyakarta, 4-7 Juli. Hlm. 14-28.
Sukendar, Haris. 1996. Album Tradisi Megalitik Di Indonesia. Jakarta: Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan.
Saptono, Nanang. 2012. Jejak Tradisi Megalitik Dalam Masyarakat Hulu Way Pengubuhan, Lampung. Purbawidya, 1 (1), Hlm. 41-60.
Utomo, Danang Wahyu. 2000. Pengaruh Tradisi dan Simbol Megalitik Pada Makam Kuna Islam Di Sulawesi Selatan. WalennaE, III (5), 13-28.
Wiradnyana, Ketut. 2009. Makna Dalam Gelar: Upaya Memudahkan Memahami Megalitik Nias. Naditira Widya, Vol 3 (2) 159-166.
Yondri, Lutfi. 1996. Perkembangan Budaya Megalitik Di Indonesia. Purbawidya, 4 November, 38-44.